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71.
Peterson Ulla; Demerouti Evangelia; Bergstr?m Gunnar; ?sberg Marie; Nygren ?ke 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2008,15(2):153
The aim of this study was to search for constellations of work characteristics that discriminate people who experience burnout from those who do not, and also from those who score high in exhaustion but not in disengagement, and vice versa. The study is based on data from 3,719 employees in a County Council in Sweden. Discriminant analysis revealed that four burnout categories (nonburnout, disengaged, exhausted, and burnout) related in different ways to self-reported work characteristics. The proportions of respondents with overtime, sickness absence, and sickness presence were higher in the burnout and the exhausted groups compared with the nonburnout group. The most common professions in the burnout group were, unexpectedly, dental nurses, secretaries, and service staff. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
72.
Xanthopoulou Despoina; Bakker Arnold B.; Demerouti Evangelia; Schaufeli Wilmar B. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,14(2):121
This study examined the role of three personal resources (self-efficacy, organizational-based self-esteem, and optimism) in the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model. The authors hypothesized that personal resources (1) moderate the relationship between job demands and exhaustion, (2) mediate the relationship between job resources and work engagement, and (3) relate to how employees perceive their work environment and well-being. Hypotheses were tested among 714 Dutch employees. Results showed that personal resources did not offset the relationship between job demands and exhaustion. Instead, personal resources mediated the relationship between job resources and engagement/exhaustion and influenced the perception of job resources. The implications of these findings for the JD-R model are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
73.
Evangelia Xenogiannopoulou Kostas Iliopoulos Stelios Couris Tanya Karakouz Alexander Vaskevich Israel Rubinstein 《Advanced functional materials》2008,18(8):1281-1289
Films of gold nanoscaled islands with thicknesses ranging between 0.5 and 15 nm were prepared by thermal evaporation onto untreated and aminosilane‐pretreated glass substrates. Post‐deposition annealing was found to modify the morphological characteristics of the islands (e.g., average island area and height, inter‐island distance, etc.), resulting in changes of the localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) characteristics and, therefore, modifying the nonlinear optical (NLO) response of the films. The NLO response of both unannealed and annealed (20 h at 200 °C) films was studied by means of the optical Kerr effect (OKE), using 35 ps, 532 nm laser excitation, while measurements performed by means of the Z‐scan technique allowed for the determination of both the nonlinear refraction and absorption characteristics of the films. The results are discussed and compared with other reports. 相似文献
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75.
Evangelia Vouvoudi Charikleia Prochaska Tania Panytsidou Eleni Pavlidou 《Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering》2015,54(11):1159-1171
The aim of this investigation was the evaluation of both the morphology/surface roughness and the texture/phase distribution of four contemporary dental light-cured nanocomposites using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The materials evaluated were a nanofill composite and three nanohybrids. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with EDS analysis was able to see and identify the large filler particles of the materials. Atomic force microscopy in the tapping mode provided topography of the nanocomposites while the tapping mode coupled with phase imaging information on the surface texture. The differences observed are attributed to differences in the shape, size distribution, amount, and surface coverage of filler particles. 相似文献
76.
Zacharaki EI Bezerianos A 《IEEE transactions on information technology in biomedicine》2012,16(3):330-338
The aim of this paper is to introduce a novel semisupervised scheme for abnormality detection and segmentation in medical images. Semisupervised learning does not require pathology modeling and, thus, allows high degree of automation. In abnormality detection, a vector is characterized as anomalous if it does not comply with the probability distribution obtained from normal data. The estimation of the probability density function, however, is usually not feasible due to large data dimensionality. In order to overcome this challenge, we treat every image as a network of locally coherent image partitions (overlapping blocks). We formulate and maximize a strictly concave likelihood function estimating abnormality for each partition and fuse the local estimates into a globally optimal estimate that satisfies the consistency constraints, based on a distributed estimation algorithm. The likelihood function consists of a model and a data term and is formulated as a quadratic programming problem. The method is applied for automatically segmenting brain pathologies, such as simulated brain infarction and dysplasia, as well as real lesions in diabetes patients. The assessment of the method using receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrates improvement in image segmentation over two-group analysis performed with Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). 相似文献
77.
Hellweg S Demou E Scheringer M McKone TE Hungerbühler K 《Environmental science & technology》2005,39(19):7741-7748
Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) aims to assess all environmental impacts "from cradle to grave". Nevertheless, existing methods for Life-Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) generally do not consider impacts from chemical exposure at the workplace. This is a severe drawback, because neglecting occupational health effects may result in product or process optimizations at the expense of workers' health. We adapt an existing LCIA method to consider occupational health effects from the use of perchloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) in dry cleaning and metal degreasing. The results show that, in applications such as metal degreasing and dry cleaning, long-term (steady-state) concentrations at the workplace are up to 6 orders of magnitude higher than ambient air levels. Legal threshold values may be exceeded, depending on machine technology, size, and surrounding working conditions. The impact from workplace exposure to the total human-toxicity potential of the complete life cycle of PCE and TCE (including use, production, and disposal) is accordingly high. We therefore conclude that occupational health effects need to be considered in LCA to prevent overlooking key environmental-health impacts in LCA. 相似文献
78.
Comment on "Realism, Instrumentalism, and Scientific Symbiosis: Psychological Theory as a Search for Truth and the Discovery of Solutions" by John T. Cacioppo, Gun R. Semin and Gary G. Berntson (see record 2004-14303-001). The appeal for the unification of psychology is in fashion and Cacioppo et al.'s term "symbiosis" connotes a cooperative and communal practice that is difficult to criticize without being regarded as quarrelsome and cantankerous. As Cacioppo et al. stated, the ultimate goal for a unification in psychology should be "to approach or approximate scientific realism" (p. 221). Thus, iterative practice or not, there is no symbiosis, only a reductionistic approach with a gesture toward including positive qualities of instrumentalism. Cacioppo et al. essentially proposed a check-and-balance system for scientific realism which is the ultimate victor. Ramey and Chrysikou go on to discuss the differences between scientific realism and instrumentalism. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
79.
80.
Evangelia Stefanoudaki Fani Kotsifaki Aristidis Koutsaftakis 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2000,80(3):381-389
Sensory data (1–16) as described by a trained panel, several characteristics (acidity, peroxide value, extinction coefficients at 232 and 270 nm, stability and phenolic compounds) (17–30) and chemical compositional data (fatty acids, sterols and triterpene diols, aliphatic and triterpene alcohols, and triglycerides) (31–67) were obtained for virgin olive oils of three European olive varieties, Coratina (Italy), Picual (Spain) and Koroneiki (Greece), at a certain stage of maturity—when half of the olives displayed partial or total purple colour—for two consecutive years of harvest, 1995–96 and 1996–97. The most remarkable characteristics for the classification of the oils were extracted using multivariate statistical analysis (correlation, hierarchical clustering and canonical discriminant analysis). Both sensory and/or chemical and quality characteristics were found to have significant potential for the authentication of the virgin olive oil varieties under investigation. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献